Kiezeloolite Formation

NUKI

Formal (Doppert et al. 1975). Amended (Westerhoff 2003).

Whitish to brownish grey very fine to very coarse sand (quartzitic) and gravel (granules to boulders). Thick intercalated clay beds and associated peat/lignite layers.

Fluvial (proto-Rhine en -Meuse) (Boenigk 1978; Gliese & Hager 1978; Westerhoff 2009), including floodplain and swamp. Tidally influenced coastal plain, including back-barrier area and beach ridge. Sourced from the Ardennes and Lower Rhine Embayment.

Sharp contact with fine, glauconitic shallow-marine sand (Breda Formation) or lignite (Ville Formation). Commonly diffuse transition into leached, finer coastal sand (Heksenberg Member, Breda Formation) or glauconitic shallow-marine sand with marine mollusks (Oosterhout Formation).

Commonly diffuse transition into micaceous fluvial sand (Waalre Formation), sharp where this fluvial unit overlies the Reuver Member clay beds. Conformable, diffuse transition into very fine to fine aeolian and local river sand (Stramproy Formation), which has thinner clay beds. Locally, sharp contact with coarse gravelly fluvial sand (Kreftenheye and Beegden Formations).

Up to 200 m.

In the north, upper part of the unit interfingers with Oosterhout Formation.

North Sea: not present; UK: not present; GER: Kieseloolith Formation; BEL: Mol Formation (Vernes et al. 2018), part of Brasschaat Formation (Gullentops et al. 2001).

late Miocene - Pliocene.

Named after (rare) oolitic chert pebbles in the gravels, mainly derived from ancient Jurassic beds in Lorraine, northeastern France.

German Kieseloolith Schotter (Kaiser 1907) adopted by Tesch (1908). Kieseloolith Schichten. Kosberg Member, formerly part of the unit, now placed in the Beegden Formation.

Wim Dubelaar (2018), Sytze van Heteren (2019).

Boenigk, W. 1978. Gliederung der altquartären Ablagerungen in der Niederrheinischen Bucht. Fortschritte in der Geologie von Rheinland und Westfalen, 28, 135-212.

Doppert, J.W.Chr., Ruegg, G.H.J., Van Staalduinen, C.J., Zagwijn, W.H., Zandstra, J.G. 1975. Formaties van het Kwartair en Boven-Tertiair in Nederland. In: Zagwijn, W.H., Van Staalduinen, C.J. (eds.): Toelichting bij geologische overzichtskaarten van Nederland. Rijks Geologische Dienst, Haarlem, 11-56.

Fliegel, G., Stoller, J. 1910. Jungtertiäre und altdiluviale pflanzenführende Ablagerungen im Niederrheingebiet. Jahrbuch der Königlich Preussischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, 31, 227-257.

Gliese, J., Hager, H. 1978. On brown coal resources in the Lower Rhine Embayment (West Germany). Geologie en Mijnbouw, 57 (4), 517-525.

Gullentops, F., Bogemans, F., De Moor, G., Paulissen, E., Pissart, A. 2001. Quaternary lithostratigraphic units (Belgium). In: Bultynck, P., Dejonghe, L. (eds.), Guide to a revised lithostratigraphic scale of Belgium, Geologica Belgica, 4/1-2, 153-164.

Kaiser, E. 1907. Pliozäne Quartzschotter im Rheingebiet zwischen Mosel und Niederrheinischen Bucht. Jahrbuch der Königlich Preussischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, 28 (1), 57-91.

Klostermann, J. 1992. Das Quartär der Niederrheinischen Bucht. Geologisches Landesamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Krefeld, 200 p.

Pohlig, H. 1883. Geologisch-paläontologische Untersuchungen in der Umgegend von Bonn. Sitzungsber. Naturhist. Ver. Preuss. Rheinld. U. Westf., 225-246.

Tesch, J.P. 1908. Der niederländische Boden und die Ablagerungen des Rheines und der Maas aus jüngeren Tertiär- und der älteren Diluvialzeit. PhD Thesis, Delft.

Vernes, R.W., Deckers, J., Bakker, M.A.J., Bogemans, F., De Ceukelaire, M., Doornenbal, J.C., den Dulk, M., Dusar, M., Van Haren, T.F.M., Heyvaert, V.M.A., Kiden, P., Kruisselbrink, A.F., Lanckacker, T., Menkovic, A., Meyvis, B., Munsterman, D.K., Reindersma, R., ten Veen, J.H., van de Ven, T.J.M., Walstra, J., Witmans, N. 2018. Geologisch en hydrogeologisch 3D model van het Cenozoïcum van de Belgisch-Nederlandse grensstreek van Midden-Brabant / De Kempen (H3O – De Kempen). Studie uitgevoerd door VITO, TNO-Geologische Dienst Nederland en de Belgische Geologische Dienst in opdracht van Vlaams Planbureau voor Omgeving, Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij, TNO, Geologische Dienst Nederland, Nederlandse Provincie Noord-Brabant, Brabant Water, Programmabureau KRW/DHZ Maasregio.

Westerhoff, W.E. 2003. Beschrijving lithostratigrafische eenheid. Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO. Utrecht.

Westerhoff, W.E. 2009. Stratigraphy and sedimentary evolution. The lower Rhine-Meuse system during the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene (southern North Sea Basin). PhD Thesis Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. In: Geology of the Netherlands 2. TNO - Geological Survey of the Netherlands, 168 p.